Interventional radiological management of hepatobiliary disorders in pregnancy

Hepatobiliary disorders are common in pregnancy and pose a management challenge. Minimally invasive interventional radiological (IR) techniques allow safe and effective management of these disorders. However, the available literature is scarce. Radiological interventions in this group of patients mandate a clear understanding of the risks of radiation to the fetus. The IR physician involved in the care of these patients should be aware of the measures to minimize the exposure to ionizing radiation. Additionally, the risk-benefit ratio should be clearly defined in a multidisciplinary discussion involving IR physicians, obstetricians, and gastroenterologists. This review is an effort to address issues related to the application of IR procedures for hepatobiliary disorders in pregnant patients.