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[What is a malocclusion?]

Caterina Masucci1, Arlette Oueiss1, Armelle Maniere-Ezvan1

  • 1UFR d'Odontologie, Université Côte d'Azur, 5 rue du 22e BCA, 06357 Nice cedex 4, France.

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Summary

Angle's classification has long been used for diagnosing malocclusion. This study reviews current methods, emphasizing functional analysis for better orthodontic treatment planning.

Keywords:
Classification of malocclusionsFunctional malocclusionFunctional occlusionMalocclusionNeed for orthodontic treatmentPathogenic malocclusion

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Morphology

Background:

  • Angle's classification, established in 1907, remains a cornerstone for assessing dental arch mesio-distal relationships.
  • It serves as the primary diagnostic tool for malocclusion in the sagittal dimension, guiding decisions on orthodontic treatment.
  • Current classification methods and treatment need indices are reviewed, highlighting their limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To inventory contemporary malocclusion classification methods.
  • To present indices of treatment need based on occlusal anomalies.
  • To detail the contribution of functional analysis to malocclusion assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review and inventory of existing malocclusion classification systems.
  • Presentation of treatment need indices.
  • Detailed analysis of functional occlusion, including setting, centering, and guiding principles.

Main Results:

  • Critique of current classification methods.
  • Integration of skeletal and dental anomaly analysis with occlusal anomalies (setting, centering, guiding).
  • Categorization of occlusion into functional occlusion, functional malocclusion, and pathogenic malocclusion based on orofacial impact.

Conclusions:

  • A need for consensus on occlusal anomaly classification is identified.
  • Improved classification is crucial for accurate anomaly identification and assessment of global repercussions.
  • Enhanced classification will better define orthodontic treatment needs.