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Change in body weight, body fat and body water in children after tonsilloadenoidectomy
Ivana Pajić Matić1, Tomislav Stojadinović1, Ivo Matić2
1ENT Department, General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević" Slavonski Brod, Croatia; Medical Faculty Josip Juraj Strossmayer Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Insights
Post-tonsilloadenoidectomy, children experience weight loss due to decreased body fat and muscle mass. Maintaining good hydration is crucial for preserving muscle mass and power in pediatric patients, especially those under 10 years old.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Tonsilloadenoidectomy is a common procedure in children.
- Postoperative weight loss and changes in body composition are observed but not fully understood.
- Early identification of factors influencing recovery is critical for pediatric care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the causes of weight loss in children during the early postoperative period after tonsilloadenoidectomy.
- To analyze changes in body composition, including body weight, fat mass, muscle mass, and body water.
- To investigate the relationship between pain, hydration, and postoperative recovery.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study involving 31 children aged 6-22 years undergoing tonsilloadenoidectomy.
- Body composition was measured using a "Body Structure Analyzer" before surgery, 24 hours post-surgery, and on the seventh postoperative day.
- Questionnaires assessed pain, analgesic use, complications, and eating patterns.
Main Results:
- Significant reductions in body weight, body fat, body mass index (BMI), and muscle mass were observed in all age groups.
- Body water percentage showed no significant change in younger children but increased in older children.
- No significant correlation was found between pain intensity and changes in body parameters.
Conclusions:
- Weight loss post-tonsilloadenoidectomy is associated with decreased body fat and muscle mass.
- Adequate hydration is essential for muscle repair and maintenance, particularly in children under 10.
- Focusing on hydration can help preserve muscle mass and strength in the early recovery phase.
Objective:
To assess what was the cause of weight loss in children in early postoperative period after tonsilloadenoidectomy.
Desing And Setting:
Prospective study conducted at Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević" Slavonski Brod, Croatia.
Subjects:
In total 31 patients aged 6-22 years that underwent tonsilloadenoidectomy.
Methods:
The study was performed using specially designed questionnaires from January 2017 until August 2017. Results of pain assessment and administrated analgesic therapy, postoperative complications and inception of eating were completed through the questionnaire. During the study, children were weighed before tonsilloadenoidectomy, 24 h after tonsilloadenoidectomy and the seventh postoperative day where age, height, weight, body fat, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass and body water were recorded. Weighing was performed by the "Body Structure Analyzer BC-420MA" TANITA.
Results:
Data analysis revealed a significant reduction in mass, body fat, body mass index (BMI) and muscle mass in the children up to 10 years of age, as well as in the children that were 11 years and older. In children up to 10 years of age, there was no significant change in body water (%), while body water in the group of patients aged 11 and over was significantly higher on the seventh postoperative day (Friedman test, P = 0.02). In the total sample, there was a significant decrease in body weight, body fat (%), body mass index and muscle mass (Friedman test, P < 0.001), while there was a significant increase in body water (Friedman test, P = 0.003). There is no significant correlation between pain intensity and individual parameter change in all subjects, nor in age groups.
Conclusion:
Water is an important factor of muscle mass. It plays an essential role in musle repair and growth, since it's crucial for protein synthesis. Poorly hydrated muscle loses it's weight, since musle cells don't have enough water in themselves. Good hydratation, especially among children up to 10 years old in early post tonsilloadenoidectomy period is important to keep muscular mass and power.
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