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Cognitive disorders associated with hospitalization of COVID-19: Results from an observational cohort study

Jingqi Zhou1, Chang Liu2, Yitang Sun3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
|November 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pre-existing Alzheimer's disease and dementia significantly increase COVID-19 hospitalization risk. Genetic variants also show associations with COVID-19, underscoring the need for targeted care for cognitive disorder patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Understanding COVID-19 risk factors, including pre-existing conditions and genetics, remains incomplete.
  • The interplay between clinical history, genetic background, and COVID-19 susceptibility requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify significant pre-existing medical conditions associated with COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • To explore the association between genetic variants in key SARS-CoV-2 related genes (ACE2, TMPRSS2) and COVID-19.
  • To examine the link between genetic variations and other phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of UK Biobank data from 389,620 participants of European descent.
  • Examination of associations between COVID-19 status and 974 medical conditions and 30 blood biomarkers.
  • Testing genetic variants in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes for association with COVID-19 and other phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Alzheimer's disease (OR=2.29), dementia (OR=2.16), and cognitive disorders (OR=1.90) were identified as significant risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • Genetic variants (rs7282236) showed association with COVID-19 (OR=1.33) and phenotypes like immune deficiency and prostate cancer.
  • Significant p-values were obtained for associations between genetic variants and immune deficiency (p=5.65×10⁻⁵) and prostate cancer (p=1.1×10⁻⁵).

Conclusions:

  • Pre-existing Alzheimer's disease and dementia are key risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • Patients with cognitive disorders require specialized protective measures during the pandemic.
  • Evidence supports a direct association between genetic variants and COVID-19 susceptibility.
Abstract

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseCOVID-19Cognitive disordersDementiaPre-existing conditionsRisk factors

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