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Updated: Dec 2, 2025

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
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How Does Performing Demanding Activities Influence Prospective Memory? A Systematic Review.

Patricia Matos1, Diana R Pereira1, Pedro B Albuquerque1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal1.

Advances in Cognitive Psychology
|November 5, 2020
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Summary

High ongoing task load impairs prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember future intentions. Cognitive demands reduce the likelihood of successfully recalling and executing delayed intentions, especially when working memory and executive functions are taxed.

Keywords:
commission errorsomission errorsongoing task loadprospective memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Prospective memory (PM) is crucial for daily functioning.
  • Understanding factors affecting PM is essential for cognitive health.
  • Ongoing task load is a significant, yet under-researched, factor in PM performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the existing literature on the impact of ongoing task load on prospective memory.
  • To synthesize findings on how cognitive demands affect the ability to remember and execute delayed intentions.
  • To identify gaps and propose future research directions in this area.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Inclusion of 40 articles published between 1995 and 2020.
  • Analysis of studies evaluating prospective memory performance in adults under cognitively demanding conditions.

Main Results:

  • Increased ongoing task load significantly impairs prospective memory performance.
  • Individuals are more likely to forget delayed intentions when cognitive resources are taxed.
  • Working memory and executive functions appear to mediate the effects of task load on PM.

Conclusions:

  • Demanding ongoing activities negatively impact the ability to remember future intentions.
  • Variability in findings may be explained by differences in working memory and executive resource demands.
  • Further research should focus on elucidating the precise mechanisms linking cognitive load and prospective memory failures.