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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...

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Related Experiment Video

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Murine Model of Central Venous Stenosis using Aortocaval Fistula with an Outflow Stenosis
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Caval foramen hernia in a cat.

Jia Wen Siow1, QiCai Jason Hoon1, Elizabeth Jenkins1

  • 1University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.

JFMS Open Reports
|November 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This report details the first successful surgical repair of a caval foramen hernia in a cat. This congenital diaphragmatic hernia caused liver herniation and was treated with herniorrhaphy, resolving the cat's symptoms.

Keywords:
Congenital herniacaval foramencomputed tomographydiaphragmatic defect

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Surgery
  • Comparative Pathology
  • Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

  • Congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDH) are rare in cats.
  • Caval foramen hernia (CFH), a specific type of CDH, involves herniation through the caval opening in the diaphragm.
  • Embryologically, CFH may arise from defective development of the septum transversum.

Observation:

  • A 3-year-old domestic shorthair cat presented with hyporexia, lethargy, and weight loss.
  • Diagnostic imaging revealed a diaphragmatic hernia with liver and gallbladder herniation through the caval foramen.
  • Radiographic findings mimicked a pulmonary mass, highlighting potential diagnostic challenges.

Findings:

  • Successful surgical repair (herniorrhaphy) of a caval foramen hernia was performed via ventral midline coeliotomy.
  • The cat experienced complete resolution of clinical signs and regained weight post-operatively.
  • This represents the first documented case of successful CFH repair in a feline patient.

Implications:

  • This case establishes a precedent for surgical intervention in feline CFH.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Awareness of CFH's potential association with caudal vena cava obstruction is important for prognosis.