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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism.

Maria Tziraki1, Shruti Garg2,3, Emma Harrison4

  • 1Psychology Department, CITY College, International Faculty of the University of Sheffield, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|November 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocol for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), reducing stress and avoiding sedation. The successful acquisition of multi-parametric MRI data in awake children enhances accessibility for research and clinical applications.

Keywords:
MRINF1autismfMRIscanning protocolspectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Research

Background:

  • Acquiring multi-parametric MRI data in awake children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents significant methodological challenges.
  • Existing protocols often require sedation, limiting accessibility and potentially confounding results.
  • There is a need for a standardized, adaptable, and transferable imaging protocol for large-scale, multi-site studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition protocol for awake children with autism.
  • To develop a highly transferable imaging preparation protocol adaptable for the entire autism spectrum and multi-site research.
  • To reduce stress and avoid sedation during MRI scans for children with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • A protocol involving tailored habituation, gradual scanner noise exposure, social stories, positive incentives, and Play Therapy support was implemented.
  • 31 children (aged 4-10 years) with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MRI at baseline and end of intervention.
  • Multi-parametric data included Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI), GABA+ MR spectroscopy, perfusion, and diffusion imaging.

Main Results:

  • Successful acquisition rates were 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy, 87% for perfusion, 67% for diffusion, and 71% for RS fMRI.
  • 84% of parents found the habituation protocol helpful, indicating positive qualitative feedback.
  • The protocol demonstrated feasibility for advanced neuroimaging in a pediatric ASD cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MRI protocol is effective for acquiring multi-parametric data in awake children with autism.
  • The protocol's design addresses challenges related to cost, time, and staff availability, promoting wider applicability.
  • This approach enhances the accessibility of advanced neuroimaging for children with ASD, improving their overall MRI experience.