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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Capsules Rheology in Carreau-Yasuda Fluids.

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Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

This study uses a Multi Relaxation Time Lattice Boltzmann scheme and Immersed-Boundary technique to simulate non-Newtonian fluid flow around objects. The findings confirm existing models for capsule revolution and equilibrium positions in various non-Newtonian fluids.

Keywords:
dynamic forcing IBMimmersed boundary method (IBM)moving least squaresmulti relaxation time (MRT)non-Newtonian rheologyparticle margination

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Accurate simulation of non-Newtonian fluids with immersed objects is crucial for understanding complex fluid dynamics.
  • Existing models often simplify fluid behavior, necessitating advanced numerical methods for shear-dependent viscosity.
  • The interaction between fluid rheology and immersed body dynamics requires detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a computational model for simulating non-Newtonian fluid flow with immersed bodies.
  • To analyze the influence of shear-dependent viscosity on flow patterns and immersed capsule behavior.
  • To investigate capsule revolution and equilibrium positions in various non-Newtonian fluids.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a Multi Relaxation Time Lattice Boltzmann scheme coupled with an Immersed-Boundary technique.
  • Imposed no-slip boundary conditions on immersed bodies via a forcing term accounting for hydrodynamic and viscosity forces.
  • Validated the model against benchmarks: flow in laminae and lid-driven cavity flow; analyzed capsule dynamics in Couette flow.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately reproduces parabolic velocity profiles for varying viscosity exponents (n).
  • In shear-thinning fluids, viscosity reduction in high-shear zones shifts minima towards lateral walls.
  • Capsule revolution periods and tumbling inhibition (at critical Re) are consistent with existing models across different fluid types (shear-thinning, Newtonian, shear-thickening).

Conclusions:

  • The developed numerical scheme effectively captures non-Newtonian fluid behavior and its interaction with immersed objects.
  • Shear-dependent viscosity significantly influences flow fields and capsule dynamics.
  • The study confirms the applicability of established capsule dynamics laws to non-Newtonian environments.