Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies for Electromagnetic Embossing

Electromagnetic forming is a high-speed process, which features contactless force transmission. Hence, punching operations can be realized with a one-sided die and without a mechanical punch. As the forces act as body forces in the part near the surface, the process is especially convenient for embossing microstructures on thin sheet metals. Nevertheless, the die design is critical concerning wear like adhesion. Several die materials were tested, like aluminum, copper as well as different steel types. For all die materials adhesion phenomena were observed. To prevent such adhesion an a-C:H-PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition)-coating was applied to steel dies (X153CrMoV12) and tested by embossing aluminum sheets (Al99.5). By this enhancement of the die adhesion was prevented. Furthermore, the die surface was structured with tribology-effective patterns that were generated by micro hard milling. The embossing quality was topographically analyzed with respect to different initial surface states of the sheets. It was identified that thicker sheets facilitate better embossing results. Moreover, the initial sheet surface has a decisive influence on the embossing quality, whereby the characteristic of the topography showed different susceptibility on the initial sheet surface state.