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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

Fractures: Bone Repair

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

Published on: October 28, 2022

Ankle fractures in the elderly: Current concepts.

Oliver Pearce¹, Khalid Al-Hourani¹, Michael Kelly¹

¹Southmead Hospital, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Road, BS10 5NB, Bristol, United Kingdom.

|November 6, 2020

Summary

Ankle fractures are common in the elderly, posing treatment challenges due to comorbidities. Contemporary multi-disciplinary team (MDT) approaches and adapted strategies show improved outcomes for elderly ankle fracture patients.

Keywords:

Ankle fracture Comorbidities Elderly Fixation

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Area of Science:

Geriatric orthopedics
Musculoskeletal injury management

Background:

Ankle fractures are a frequent musculoskeletal injury in the elderly.
Osteoporosis, comorbidities, and functional limitations complicate treatment.
Historically, surgical intervention had high complication and poor outcome rates.

Framework:

Contemporary surgical techniques offer improved outcomes.
Multi-disciplinary team (MDT)-driven peri-operative care is crucial.
Personalized treatment plans are essential, considering patient-specific factors.

Implementation:

Adapting surgical and rehabilitation approaches based on comorbidities.
Integrating comprehensive peri-operative care.
Focusing on patient-centered decision-making.

Implications:

Improved functional recovery and reduced complications in elderly patients with ankle fractures.
Enhanced understanding of evidence-based management strategies.
Optimized resource allocation within geriatric orthopedic care.