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Altered arsenic availability, uptake, and allocation in rice under elevated temperature.

Yasmine A Farhat1, Soo-Hyung Kim2, Angelia L Seyfferth3

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

The Science of the Total Environment
|November 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rising temperatures from climate change increase arsenic in rice, posing a human health risk. This study reveals elevated temperatures mobilize soil arsenic, driving uptake into rice grains, even in previously low-risk areas.

Keywords:
ArsenicClimate changeFood qualityOryza sativaRoot plaqueTemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Climate change is increasing global temperatures, particularly in rice-growing regions.
  • Elevated temperatures have been linked to higher arsenic concentrations in rice, a significant threat to human health and food quality.
  • Understanding the plant-soil system's response to temperature is crucial for managing arsenic exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific temperature-induced changes in the plant-soil system that lead to increased arsenic concentrations in rice.
  • To determine the primary mechanisms driving arsenic accumulation in rice under elevated temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Rice plants (Oryza sativa cv. M206) were grown in controlled climate chambers under four temperature treatments simulating IPCC forecasts.
  • Paddy soil with 7.7 mg kg-1 arsenic concentration was used.
  • Arsenic concentrations in porewater, root iron plaque, and plant tissues were measured, alongside gene expression for the OsABCC1 transporter.

Main Results:

  • Arsenic concentrations in porewater, root iron plaque, and rice plant tissues increased with elevated temperatures.
  • A linear relationship was observed between temperature and arsenic in rice grain, primarily as inorganic As (III).
  • Increased arsenic adsorption per unit of iron plaque ([As]/[Fe]) suggests temperature impacts arsenic sorption to root plaque, with soil arsenic mobilization being the primary driver of uptake.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated growing temperatures increase arsenic uptake in rice by enhancing soil arsenic mobilization.
  • While increased transpiration at higher temperatures contributes secondarily, soil dynamics are the main factor.
  • This research highlights a heightened risk of dietary arsenic exposure from rice, even in regions previously considered low risk, due to climate change.