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Propolis allergy. (I). Origin, properties, usage and literature review
B M Hausen1, E Wollenweber, H Senff
1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Hamburg, West Germany.
Contact Dermatitis
|September 1, 1987
Summary
Propolis allergy, causing contact dermatitis, is rising due to its use in cosmetics and treatments. Poplar bud constituents are identified as the primary cause of this hypersensitivity.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Botany
Background:
- Propolis (bee-glue) is increasingly linked to allergic contact dermatitis.
- Allergies were once confined to beekeepers but now affect users of propolis-containing products.
- The historical context includes the first description of 'poplar bud' contact dermatitis in 1887.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the increasing incidence of propolis allergy.
- To identify the specific agents responsible for propolis hypersensitivity.
- To review documented cases of propolis-induced allergic contact dermatitis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and summary of approximately 200 reported cases of propolis allergy.
- Comparative analysis of chemical constituents in propolis and poplar bud secretions.
- Historical case review, including the earliest documented instances.
Main Results:
- Propolis allergy cases are on the rise, particularly among consumers of bio-cosmetics and alternative treatments.
- Chemical analysis reveals that flavonoid aglycones and phenolic compounds in propolis are largely identical to poplar bud secretions.
- Evidence strongly suggests poplar bud constituents are the culprits behind propolis hypersensitivity.
Conclusions:
- The primary allergens responsible for propolis hypersensitivity are constituents derived from poplar buds.
- Increased use of propolis in consumer products has led to a broader population experiencing allergic contact dermatitis.
- Understanding the source of propolis allergens is crucial for prevention and management strategies.