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Paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.

Nikhil Thapar1,2,3, Marc A Benninga4, Michael D Crowell5

  • 1Neurogastroenterology and Motility Unit, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. nikhil.thapar@health.qld.gov.au.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders, also known as disorders of gut-brain interaction, are common and complex. Management involves combined approaches like mind-targeted therapies and diet, showing favorable impacts on children

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Gut-Brain Axis Research

Background:

  • Paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (disorders of gut-brain interaction) are prevalent, affecting 3-16% of children.
  • These disorders include irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, abdominal migraine, and functional abdominal pain not otherwise specified, per Rome IV criteria.
  • Emerging research highlights the interplay of intestinal, central, and extrinsic factors in their aetiopathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges and the importance of avoiding invasive procedures.
  • To summarize current and emerging management strategies for these conditions in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria (Rome IV) and their application.
  • Synthesis of evidence for various management strategies, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis relies on clinical symptoms and exclusion of organic causes, emphasizing non-invasive approaches.
  • Pharmacological options are limited; combined management strategies are favored.
  • Mind-targeted interventions (hypnotherapy, CBT), diet (probiotics), and nerve stimulation show favorable efficacy, improving symptoms and quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Functional abdominal pain disorders in children are multifactorial, involving the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
  • Current management focuses on integrated approaches due to limited pharmacological efficacy.
  • Further research promises enhanced understanding and improved therapeutic outcomes for these complex pediatric conditions.