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Thyrohyoideus muscle innervation in the horse
Martin Genton1,2, Celine Robert2, Hassen Jerbi3
1Clinique vétérinaire de Grosbois, Boissy-St-Léger, France.
Veterinary Surgery : VS
|November 6, 2020
Summary
The thyrohyoideus muscle is primarily innervated by the first cervical (C1) nerve, not the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII). This finding is crucial for surgical procedures involving the equine larynx.
Area of Science:
- Equine anatomy and neuroanatomy
- Surgical anatomy of the head and neck
Background:
- The thyrohyoideus muscle's innervation is critical for swallowing and phonation.
- Previous assumptions suggested a direct innervation from the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).
Purpose of the Study:
- To precisely describe the innervation of the thyrohyoideus (TH) muscle.
- To validate anatomical findings through electrophysiological stimulation of the first cervical (C1) nerve branches.
Main Methods:
- Dissection of cranial nerves (CN) XII and C1 in 14 equine head and neck specimens.
- Histological examination of nerve bifurcations.
- Electrophysiological stimulation of C1 nerve branches in 17 horses undergoing cervical nerve grafts.
Main Results:
- The TH muscle was innervated by the C1 nerve in 17 of 20 dissections.
- Anastomoses between C1 and CN XII were observed, with C1 fibers contributing to CN XII.
- C1 nerve stimulation elicited TH muscle contraction in 16 of 17 horses.
Conclusions:
- The thyrohyoideus muscle is predominantly innervated by the first cervical nerve (C1).
- Surgical preservation of the C1 nerve is vital during procedures like prosthetic laryngoplasty.
- Surgical techniques for C1 nerve grafts and treatments for dorsal displacement of the soft palate may require revision.
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