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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

556
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.2K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.2K
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.4K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.4K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.3K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.3K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.4K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.4K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

2.3K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
2.3K

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Quantum mechanics

Background:

  • Superconductivity in strongly correlated systems remains a significant challenge.
  • Multiorbital systems, particularly iron-based superconductors, offer novel platforms for studying superconductivity.
  • Understanding the role of electronic correlations is crucial for advancing superconductivity theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate superconductivity in a multiorbital model with dynamical electronic correlations.
  • To explore the impact of Hubbard U and Hund's coupling on superconductivity.
  • To compare superconductivity in a Hund's metal versus an ordinary correlated metal.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a multiorbital model incorporating full dynamical electronic correlations.
  • Included the effects of Hubbard U and Hund's coupling.
  • Analyzed superconductivity driven by a generic bosonic mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Superconductivity persists more robustly in a Hund's metal than in an ordinary correlated metal with similar correlation levels.
  • The characteristic redistribution of spectral weight in Hund's metals enhances orbital-selective superconducting gaps.
  • Results are consistent with experimental findings in iron-based superconductors.

Conclusions:

  • Hund's coupling plays a vital role in stabilizing superconductivity in multiorbital systems.
  • The Hund's metal phase offers a promising avenue for achieving higher-temperature superconductivity.
  • The study provides a theoretical framework explaining experimental observations in iron-based superconductors.