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Non-Coding RNAs: Uncharted Mediators of Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis
Hossein Tabatabaeian1, Samantha Peiling Yang2,3, Yvonne Tay1,4
1Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
Cancers
|November 7, 2020
Summary
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key in thyroid cancer development and treatment resistance. Understanding these molecules may lead to new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy with significant diagnostic and treatment challenges, particularly for advanced stages.
- Poor survival rates persist for undifferentiated and metastatic thyroid cancer patients despite treatment advances.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the roles and mechanisms of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in thyroid cancer.
- To explore the involvement of ncRNAs in thyroid tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance.
- To propose ncRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of studies on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in thyroid cancer.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying ncRNA dysregulation in thyroid cancer.
- Evaluation of ncRNAs in relation to thyroid cancer development and drug response.
Main Results:
- Dysregulation of various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), is implicated in thyroid cancer.
- These ncRNAs play critical roles in thyroid tumorigenesis and the development of resistance to therapies.
- Aberrant ncRNA expression correlates with treatment failure and poor prognosis in thyroid cancer patients.
Conclusions:
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are significantly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of thyroid cancer.
- ncRNAs represent promising candidates for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in thyroid cancer management.
- Further research into ncRNA mechanisms could inform future therapeutic strategies for thyroid cancer.
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