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Fish complement C8 evolution, functional network analyses, and the theoretical interaction between C8 alpha chain and

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores the evolution and function of complement C8 in fish, revealing its divergence and conserved roles. Findings suggest C8 plays a key role in the neuroendocrine system and interactions with CD59 in grass carp.

Keywords:
Complement systemGene networkGrass carpImmunityPotential therapeutic target

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Complement C8, a key part of the membrane attack complex, is found in vertebrates but poorly studied in fish.
  • Limited research exists on the evolutionary history and systematic functions of fish complement C8.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary trajectory and functional roles of complement C8 genes in various fish species.
  • To elucidate the conserved and divergent aspects of C8 function between fish and humans.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis and codon usage bias analysis were employed to study C8 gene evolution.
  • Selective pressure analysis, sequence alignment, gene co-expression, and protein-protein interaction network analyses were conducted.
  • Protein structural comparisons and molecular docking were used to assess C8-CD59 interactions.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analysis confirmed complete divergence of C8 genes across fish species.
  • Selective pressure analysis indicated negative selection acting on C8 genes, with identified sites under pressure.
  • Gene ontology analysis revealed C8 proteins in zebrafish are primarily involved in the neuroendocrine system.
  • Conserved functional residues and domains were observed between human and grass carp C8 subunits, with potential loss of CD59 binding sites in grass carp C8a.

Conclusions:

  • Fish complement C8 genes have undergone significant evolutionary divergence and are shaped by negative selection.
  • Complement C8 plays a crucial role in the fish neuroendocrine system and exhibits conserved structural features with human C8.
  • Preliminary findings suggest potential alterations in CD59 binding in grass carp C8a, warranting further investigation.