Incidental Learning and Memory Deficits on a Computerized Symbol-Digit Modalities Test in Adults with HIV/AIDS
David J Hardy1,2, Steven A Castellon2,3, Charles H Hinkin2,3
1Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|November 9, 2020
Summary
Cognitive impairment in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects incidental learning. The most impaired HIV-positive group showed no learning interference on a symbol-digit test, indicating memory deficits.
Area of Science:
- Neuropsychology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can impact cognitive function.
- Processing speed and incidental learning are key cognitive domains potentially affected by HIV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate incidental learning and memory in HIV-positive adults compared to a seronegative control group.
- To assess processing speed differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.
Main Methods:
- A computerized Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (cSDMT) was administered.
- Participants completed two blocked conditions: standard and rearranged symbol-digit pairings.
Main Results:
- HIV-positive adults exhibited slower reaction times overall.
- The most cognitively impaired HIV-positive group demonstrated no interference effect on the cSDMT with rearranged pairings.
Conclusions:
- The lack of interference in the most impaired HIV-positive group suggests a deficit in incidental learning and memory.
- Cognitive impairment in HIV is associated with specific deficits in learning and memory processes.
