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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions
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[Corona in Children: the Co-Ki Study].

Silke Schwarz1, Ekkehart Jenetzky1,2, Hanno Krafft1

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Medizintheorie, Integrative und Anthroposophische Medizin, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 50, 58448 Witten, Deutschland.

Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderheilkunde
|November 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 is rare in children presenting to outpatient pediatricians. This study found no strong evidence that children are a significant source of SARS-CoV-2 infection or at high risk.

Keywords:
COVID-19EpidemiologyFamily medicinePandemicPublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Over 80% of German children and adolescents receive care from registered pediatricians.
  • Pediatricians offer a unique viewpoint on the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on child health.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children from an outpatient pediatric perspective.
  • To assess the role of children as a source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and their risk of severe illness.

Summary:

  • 557 pediatricians reported on 9803 suspected cases among ~670,000 children.
  • PCR tests on 7707 children showed 2.6% positive for SARS-CoV-2; antibody tests on 731 children showed 11.2% positive.
  • Few cases suggested children as a relevant source of adult infection, and COVID-19 appeared rare in this pediatric cohort.

Impact:

  • Provides crucial data on pediatric COVID-19 from a real-world, ambulatory care setting.
  • Informs public health strategies regarding pediatric infectious disease management and transmission dynamics.
  • Highlights the low incidence of COVID-19 in children and their limited role as infection sources.