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Impact of ABO Blood Group on the Development of Venous Thromboembolism in Children With Cancer: A Systematic Review

Jeffrey Lam Shin Cheung1, Victor Lam Shin Cheung2, Uma Athale1

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton.

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|November 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children with blood group O have a lower risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This systematic review found that blood group O is protective against VTE in pediatric cancer patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Blood Group Genetics

Background:

  • Limited research exists on ABO blood group's influence on venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children.
  • The impact of non-O blood groups on VTE risk in pediatric populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and determine if children (0-18 years) with non-O blood groups have a higher risk of VTE compared to those with O blood group.
  • To analyze existing literature on ABO blood group and VTE in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published up to December 2018.
  • Searched multiple databases including Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL.
  • Included 7 studies with 609 VTE cases, focusing on pediatric patients with available blood group and VTE data.

Main Results:

  • The systematic review included 7 studies, with 6 eligible for meta-analysis, all involving pediatric cancer patients.
  • Blood group O demonstrated a protective effect against VTE, with an odds ratio of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.43-0.79).
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the protective association of blood group O with VTE risk.

Conclusions:

  • The O blood group is confirmed to be protective against new-onset VTE in children diagnosed with cancer.
  • Further large-scale studies are recommended across diverse ethnicities and disease categories to validate these findings.
Abstract

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