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Updated: Dec 1, 2025
Quasi-metagenomic Analysis of Salmonella from Food and Environmental Samples
Published on: October 25, 2018
Genomic Characterization of Salmonella Minnesota Clonal Lineages Associated with Poultry Production in Brazil
Diéssy Kipper1, Laura M Carroll2, Andrea K Mascitti1
1Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul 92425-020, Brazil.
Abstract:
Salmonella serotype Minnesota has been increasingly detected in Brazilian poultry farms and food products (chicken meat, eggs) in recent years. In addition, S. Minnesota isolates from poultry are generally resistant to several antibiotics and persistent in farm environments. The present study aimed to assess phylogenomic diversity of S. Minnesota isolates from the poultry production chain in Brazil. In total, 107 worldwide S. Minnesota whole genomes (including 12 from Brazil) were analyzed using a comparative approach. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated two clades more related to poultry production in Brazil: S. Minnesota poultry lineages I and II (SM-PLI and SM-PLII). Phylodynamic analysis demonstrated that SM-PLI had a common ancestor in 1915, while SM-PLII originated circa 1971. SM-PLII encompassed a higher number of isolates and presented a recent increase in effective population size (mainly from 2009 to 2012). Plasmids IncA/C2 and ColRNA, antimicrobial resistance genes (aph(3')-Ia, blaCMY-2, qnrB19, sul2, and tet(A)) and mainly a virulence genetic cluster (including the yersiniabactin operon) were detected in isolates from SM-PLI and/or SM-PLII. This study demonstrates the dissemination of two distinct S. Minnesota lineages with high resistance to antibiotics and important virulence genetic clusters in Brazilian poultry farms.
Insights
Two Salmonella Minnesota lineages are spreading in Brazilian poultry, showing antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. These lineages, SM-PLI and SM-PLII, have distinct origins and evolutionary paths impacting food safety.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genomics
- Food Safety
Background:
- Salmonella serotype Minnesota is increasingly found in Brazilian poultry and food products.
- Isolates exhibit significant antibiotic resistance and environmental persistence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the phylogenomic diversity of Salmonella Minnesota from Brazil's poultry production chain.
- To understand the evolutionary history and genetic makeup of these isolates.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of 107 whole genomes, including 12 from Brazil.
- Phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses to determine evolutionary relationships and timelines.
Main Results:
- Identified two distinct Salmonella Minnesota poultry lineages (SM-PLI and SM-PLII) prevalent in Brazil.
- SM-PLI originated around 1915, SM-PLII around 1971, with SM-PLII showing recent population growth.
- Detected antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors, including the yersiniabactin operon, in both lineages.
Conclusions:
- Two distinct Salmonella Minnesota lineages are disseminating within Brazilian poultry farms.
- These lineages possess concerning antibiotic resistance and virulence traits, posing a risk to public health and food safety.
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