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Huanhuan Lu1,2, Baoyi Wu1,2, Xuxu Yang3
1Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.
This study introduces a novel bilayer hydrogel actuator capable of programmable 4D shape deformation. This biomimetic material offers diverse, reversible shape transformations for advanced intelligent polymer applications.
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