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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

1.1K
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
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Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications.

Fay Nicolson1, Moritz F Kircher, Nick Stone

  • 1Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Chemical Society Reviews
|November 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) enables deep, non-invasive tissue analysis up to 5 cm. This advancement significantly improves depth penetration for medical diagnosis and disease monitoring applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Optics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Raman spectroscopy offers high molecular specificity for chemical analysis.
  • Conventional Raman methods have limited depth penetration in turbid media like biological tissues.
  • Recent advancements enable deep probing of tissues, opening new diagnostic avenues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in deep Raman spectroscopy techniques.
  • To highlight the progress in spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) and its variants.
  • To discuss emerging applications in medical diagnosis and disease monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) for enhanced depth penetration.
  • Related techniques including Transmission Raman Spectroscopy (TRS), micro-SORS, and Surface-Enhanced Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SESORS).
  • Non-invasive probing of biological tissues up to 5 cm depth.

Main Results:

  • SORS techniques achieve depth penetration up to two orders of magnitude greater than conventional Raman methods.
  • Significant progress in non-invasive cancer diagnosis using deep Raman spectroscopy.
  • Successful monitoring of neurotransmitters and assessment of bone disease.

Conclusions:

  • Deep Raman spectroscopy, particularly SORS, revolutionizes non-invasive tissue analysis.
  • These techniques offer unprecedented prospects for medical diagnosis and disease monitoring.
  • The field has seen substantial progress in the last five years, with expanding applications.