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A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
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Caring for Children With Autism in an Emergency Department Setting.

Mark S Mannenbach1, Rebecca L Passe2, Kimberly K Lovik1

  • 1From the Department of Emergency Medicine.

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presenting to the emergency department (ED) often have psychiatric complaints, leading to longer stays and higher admission rates. Their care needs vary significantly by age and health issue.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Healthcare Resource Utilization

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental delays present unique challenges in emergency department (ED) care.
  • Understanding the specific healthcare resources utilized by children with ASD in the ED is crucial for optimizing care delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a cohort of children with ASD receiving care in an emergency department.
  • To analyze the healthcare resources utilized during emergency department visits for children with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of consecutive children under 18 years with ASD presenting to the ED.
  • Statistical comparisons using Wilcoxon rank sum and chi-squared tests.
  • Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • A total of 238 ED visits by 175 children with ASD were analyzed over 9 months.
  • Psychiatric complaints were a significant reason for visits (18%), associated with longer ED stays and increased likelihood of blood/urine tests and hospital admission.
  • While 30% of children were admitted, those with psychiatric issues had a 3.7 times higher odds of admission.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency department care for children with ASD is diverse, influenced by age and specific health concerns.
  • A high prevalence of psychiatric complaints necessitates improved ED protocols and access to inpatient psychiatric services.
  • Children with ASD presenting with psychiatric issues require more extensive diagnostic workups and have a greater need for inpatient care.