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Amperometric Cytosensor for Studying Mitochondrial Interferences Induced by Plasticizers Bisphenol B and Bisphenol A
Roberto Dragone1, Gerardo Grasso1, Chiara Frazzoli2
1Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, 'Sapienza' Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 11, 2020
Summary
Bisphenol B (BPB) and Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure interferes with yeast mitochondrial respiration. BPB showed greater inhibition than BPA at higher doses, revealing new toxicological insights.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Biochemistry
- Cellular Respiration
Background:
- Bisphenol B (BPB) and Bisphenol A (BPA) are widespread plasticizers found in consumer products, posing potential health risks through dietary exposure.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key concern in the toxicology of environmental contaminants.
- Understanding the specific mechanisms of BPA and BPB on cellular respiration is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mitochondrial interference effects of BPA and BPB on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using an amperometric cytosensor.
- To elucidate the dose-dependent mechanisms of action, including uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress.
- To compare the effects of BPB and BPA on cellular aerobic respiration, with a focus on novel findings for BPB.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an amperometric cytosensor (whole cell-based biosensor) for real-time monitoring of yeast cellular respiration.
- Exposed Saccharomyces cerevisiae to varying concentrations of BPA and BPB (5-100 µg/mL) for 24 hours (acute toxicity).
- Quantified the percentage interference (%ρ) on aerobic mitochondrial catabolism by comparing respiration rates of exposed versus control cells. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) was used as a positive control for uncoupling.
Main Results:
- Both BPA and BPB exhibited a dose-dependent interference with yeast mitochondrial respiration.
- A hyperstimulation effect on respiration was observed at low concentrations (5 µg/mL) for both compounds.
- BPB demonstrated approximately a 2-fold higher potency in inhibiting cellular respiration compared to BPA at higher concentrations (15, 30, and 100 µg/mL).
- Evidence suggests a co-action of oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling and oxidative stress, leading to complex effects on respiration.
- The study reported novel effects of BPB on cellular aerobic respiration and highlighted a time-dependent mechanism of mitochondrial interference.
Conclusions:
- BPB and BPA interfere with yeast mitochondrial function through distinct and overlapping mechanisms.
- BPB exhibits a more potent inhibitory effect on cellular respiration than BPA at higher exposure levels.
- The findings provide new insights into the toxicological mechanisms of BPB and contribute to a better understanding of the risks associated with bisphenol exposure.
