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Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

16.0K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

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Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.4K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 1, 2025

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

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Tn5 Transposase Applied in Genomics Research.

Niannian Li1, Kairang Jin1, Yanmin Bai2

  • 1College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Transposon systems simplify next-generation sequencing (NGS) library preparation. This innovation enhances efficiency, speed, and resolution for large-scale sequencing applications like ATAC-Seq and LIANTI.

Keywords:
3D genome structuresTn5epigeneticsgenomic variationlong fragmentsopen chromatin

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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis
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Last Updated: Dec 1, 2025

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Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-throughput sequencing, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, demands streamlined upstream sample processing to maximize experimental efficiency.
  • The increasing throughput of sequencing experiments necessitates simpler and faster methods for sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the innovative application of transposon systems in simplifying and accelerating next-generation sequencing (NGS) library construction.
  • To showcase how transposase-based methods improve efficiency, speed, and resolution in various sequencing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the 'cut and paste' and 'copy and paste' functionalities of transposon systems.
  • Application of Tn5 transposase in techniques such as Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-Seq) for chromatin accessibility.
  • Employing Tn5 transposase in Linear Amplification via Transposon Insertion (LIANTI) for linear amplification, haploid typing, and structural variation detection.

Main Results:

  • Transposon-based methods significantly shorten NGS sample library construction time.
  • These techniques enable large-scale, rapid sequencing with improved resolution.
  • The methods are efficient, simple, and offer flexibility for further technological advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Transposon systems offer a powerful and efficient approach to streamline NGS library preparation.
  • The integration of transposases into sequencing workflows enhances overall process efficiency and data quality.
  • This technology holds promise for broader applications and future innovations in genomic research.