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In Situ Detection of Complex DNA Damage Using Microscopy: A Rough Road Ahead
Zacharenia Nikitaki1, Eloise Pariset2,3, Damir Sudar4
1Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, DNA Damage Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece.
Cancers
|November 11, 2020
Summary
This review details detecting complex DNA damage (CDD), a key factor in biological responses. We highlight microscopy methods for cellular CDD detection and discuss future directions for improved diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Radiation Biology
Background:
- Complex DNA damage (CDD) is a primary driver of biological responses and organismal effects.
- Ionizing radiation (IR) and oxidative stress are key inducers of CDD.
- Accurate detection of CDD is crucial for understanding its biological and clinical implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize microscopy-based techniques for detecting cellular complex DNA damage (CDD).
- To analyze methodologies for identifying surrogate protein markers (foci) colocalization indicative of CDD.
- To critically evaluate current advances and future needs in CDD detection.
Main Methods:
- Historical perspective on microscopy-based CDD detection techniques.
- Analysis of colocalization of surrogate protein markers (foci) for CDD identification.
- Synthesis of imaging parameters, software, and microscopy types used in CDD detection.
Main Results:
- Microscopy offers essential tools for cellular CDD detection.
- Surrogate protein foci colocalization is a key methodology for identifying CDD.
- A comprehensive overview of current imaging parameters, software, and microscopy is provided.
Conclusions:
- Improved detection of CDD is vital for biological and clinical applications.
- Future research should focus on refining and advancing CDD detection methodologies.
- Enhanced CDD detection will lead to better understanding of radiation and oxidative stress effects.
