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Cardiovascular Manifestations and Mechanisms in Patients with COVID-19

Qingyu Dou1, Xin Wei2, Kehua Zhou3

  • 1National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, Geriatric Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|November 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) face higher mortality from COVID-19. This review details COVID-19

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or developing cardiovascular complications during COVID-19 infection exhibit increased mortality risk.
  • COVID-19 presents with diverse cardiovascular complications, including acute cardiac injury, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, arrhythmias, heart failure, shock, and thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the cardiovascular manifestations, histopathology, and underlying mechanisms of COVID-19.
  • To guide future research and therapeutic strategy development for managing COVID-19-associated cardiovascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of cardiovascular aspects in COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of reported cardiovascular complications, histopathological findings, and proposed pathomechanisms.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 can precipitate or exacerbate cardiovascular disease through direct viral effects or indirect mechanisms.
  • Key mechanisms include viral toxicity, RAAS dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, cytokine storm, and oxygen imbalance.
  • Cardiovascular complications significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality in COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate relationship between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease is crucial for effective patient management.
  • Further research into the pathobiology and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 cardiovascular complications is warranted.

Keywords:
ACE2COVID-19cardiovascularcytokine stormendothelial cell damagethromboinflammationtype 2 myocardial infarction

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