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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Reticular Dermis01:15

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

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Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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Cutaneous JAK Expression in Vitiligo.

Amira A Abdel Motaleb1, Yasmin M Tawfik1, Mohamed A El-Mokhtar2

  • 168797 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University, Egypt.

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|November 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Janus kinase-1 (JAK1) and Janus kinase-3 (JAK3) are upregulated in vitiligo skin, suggesting they may play a role in the disease. Selective JAK3/1 inhibition could be a potential treatment for vitiligo.

Keywords:
JAK inhibitorsJAK3Janus kinasesignal transducer and activator of transcriptionvitiligo

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is a potential therapeutic target for vitiligo.
  • Limited data exists on the cutaneous expression of Janus kinases (JAKs) in vitiligo patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the cutaneous expression patterns of JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3 in vitiligo.
  • To investigate the relationship between JAK expression and clinical parameters of vitiligo.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 24 active vitiligo patients and 20 healthy controls.
  • Skin biopsies (lesional, perilesional, nonlesional) were analyzed for JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3 expression using RT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • JAK1 and JAK3 were overexpressed in vitiligo skin compared to controls, with a stepwise increase from nonlesional to lesional skin.
  • JAK3 expression was significantly higher than JAK1.
  • JAK2 expression showed no significant difference between patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • JAK1 and particularly JAK3 are upregulated in vitiliginous skin, potentially contributing to disease pathogenesis.
  • Targeted inhibition of JAK3/1 may offer a therapeutic strategy for vitiligo.
  • Study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03185312).