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Imaging-based algorithmic approach to gallbladder wall thickening.

Pankaj Gupta1, Yashi Marodia2, Akash Bansal2

  • 1Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India. pankajgupta959@gmail.com.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|November 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gallbladder wall thickening can stem from various conditions, making diagnosis difficult. This review details imaging patterns and an algorithm to differentiate gallbladder diseases for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Acute cholecystitisCholecystitisGallbladder diseasesNeoplasmsRokitansky-Aschoff sinuses of the gallbladderXanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gallbladder (GB) wall thickening is a common finding with diverse causes, including intrinsic and extrinsic conditions.
  • Accurate etiological diagnosis of GB wall thickening is challenging without specific clinical features.
  • Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) confined to the wall improves survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review imaging patterns of gallbladder wall thickening.
  • To present an algorithmic approach for etiological diagnosis of GB wall thickening.
  • To suggest formatted reporting for GB wall abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conventional and advanced imaging modalities for GB wall thickening.
  • Illustrative examples of imaging findings in various GB pathologies.
  • Development of a diagnostic algorithm for GB wall thickening.

Main Results:

  • Gallbladder wall thickening patterns differ between diffuse (secondary to extrinsic/intrinsic pathologies) and focal (mostly intrinsic pathologies).
  • Gallbladder carcinoma wall thickening patterns can mimic benign conditions like chronic cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and adenomyomatosis.
  • An algorithmic approach aids in differentiating benign from malignant causes of GB wall thickening.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate interpretation of imaging findings is crucial for diagnosing the cause of gallbladder wall thickening.
  • Differentiation of GBC from benign GB diseases based on wall thickening patterns is essential for prognosis.
  • Standardized reporting of GB wall abnormalities can enhance diagnostic accuracy.