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Upper cervical spine dysfunction and dizziness.

Yun-Hee Sung1

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea.

Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation
|November 12, 2020
PubMed
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Upper cervical spine issues may cause cervicogenic dizziness (CGD) when proprioception is disrupted. Understanding this link aids diagnosis and treatment for unexplained dizziness.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics
  • Vestibular Science

Background:

  • Many patients experience dizziness of unknown origin, leading to persistent healthcare visits.
  • Proprioceptive dysfunction in the upper cervical spine is a potential, though debated, cause of dizziness.
  • Misinformation from the cervical spine can affect the vestibular nucleus, triggering dizziness symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between upper cervical spine structure/function and dizziness.
  • To propose cervicogenic dizziness (CGD) as a diagnosis to consider for unexplained dizziness.
  • To outline evaluation and treatment strategies for CGD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on cervical spine anatomy, proprioception, and vestibular connections.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations linking upper cervical spine dysfunction to dizziness symptoms.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches for CGD.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that upper cervical spine ligament or muscle issues can alter proprioception.
  • Altered proprioception may lead to vestibular nucleus dysfunction and subsequent dizziness.
  • CGD, while controversial, presents a plausible explanation for some cases of unexplained dizziness.

Conclusions:

  • The upper cervical spine's role in proprioception is critical for maintaining balance and preventing dizziness.
  • Cervicogenic dizziness should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with persistent dizziness.
  • Further research and clinical consideration of CGD can improve patient outcomes.