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Related Concept Videos

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Modeling aortic diseases using induced pluripotent stem cells.

Kai Zhu1,2, Wenrui Ma1,2, Jun Li1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Stem Cells Translational Medicine
|November 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) create advanced in vitro models for aortic diseases. These models incorporate hemodynamic factors to better replicate the aortic wall environment for precision medicine applications.

Keywords:
aortic diseasedisease modelingin vitroinduced pluripotent stem cellsprecision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Aortic diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality globally.
  • Pathogenesis involves vascular cell dysfunction, but animal models often fail in clinical translation.
  • There is a need for reliable human cell-based in vitro models for aortic disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for modeling aortic diseases in vitro.
  • To highlight the incorporation of hemodynamic factors in advanced models.
  • To discuss the potential of iPSC-based models in advancing precision medicine for aortic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing studies utilizing patient iPSC-derived aortic cells.
  • Describing advanced models that incorporate hemodynamic factors (shear stress, cyclic strain).
  • Reviewing applications in modeling specific aortopathies like Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and bicuspid aortic valve disease.

Main Results:

  • Patient iPSC-derived aortic cells provide a platform for in vitro disease modeling.
  • Advanced models integrating hemodynamic factors better mimic the aortic microenvironment.
  • These models have been successfully applied to study various genetic and non-genetic aortopathies.

Conclusions:

  • iPSC-based in vitro models offer a promising approach for studying aortic diseases.
  • These models facilitate personalized drug testing and development.
  • They hold significant potential for advancing precision medicine in treating aortic diseases.