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Enzymuria in carboplatin nephrotoxicity.
E Damiani1, M T Cattaneo, C Sessa
1Clinica Medica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Ospedale L. Sacco, Italia.
Tumori
|October 31, 1987
Summary
Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) indicates kidney damage from carboplatin. Increased NAG excretion occurred in half of treatments, suggesting potential nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with prior kidney issues.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) is a sensitive indicator of renal tubular damage.
- Carboplatin (CBDCA) is a widely used chemotherapy agent with potential nephrotoxic side effects.
- Early detection of nephrotoxicity is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate urinary NAG excretion as an early marker of carboplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To assess the relationship between NAG levels and other indicators of renal function.
- To identify factors predisposing patients to carboplatin nephrotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Assayed NAG activity using the fluorimetric method of Leaback and Walker.
- Monitored 22 carboplatin treatment courses in 17 patients.
- Collected urine samples before and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after carboplatin infusion.
- Assessed plasma creatinine and proteinuria.
Main Results:
- Increased urinary NAG excretion was observed following 10 out of 22 carboplatin courses.
- Transient increases in plasma creatinine and/or abnormal proteinuria occurred in 6 cases.
- Impaired renal function prior to therapy appeared to predispose patients to nephrotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- Urinary NAG is a valuable early marker for detecting carboplatin-induced renal tubular damage.
- Monitoring NAG levels can aid in the early identification of carboplatin nephrotoxicity.
- Pre-existing renal impairment is a significant risk factor for carboplatin nephrotoxicity.