Gender differences in mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Grecia I M Raymundo-Martínez1, Diego Araiza-Garaygordobil2, Rodrigo Gopar-Nieto1
1Cardiology Fellow, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Insights
Women experiencing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) face worse outcomes. This study found higher mortality in women with STEMI, though not statistically significant, highlighting a need for increased awareness and faster medical intervention.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Gender Health
- Clinical Research
Context:
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) affects both genders but may present with different outcomes.
- Previous research suggests women experience worse outcomes compared to men following STEMI.
Purpose:
- To investigate and determine potential gender differences in mortality among patients diagnosed with STEMI.
- To analyze demographic and clinical data to understand factors influencing STEMI outcomes in men versus women.
Summary:
- A cohort study analyzed 340 STEMI patients (296 males, 44 females) undergoing primary angioplasty or pharmacoinvasive strategies.
- Female patients, though fewer in number, exhibited higher risk scores, longer ischemic times, and longer first medical contact times.
- While the observed mortality rate was higher in women (9.1%) compared to men, this difference did not reach statistical significance, likely due to limited female representation.
Impact:
- The findings underscore a potential, though not statistically significant, increased mortality risk for women with STEMI.
- Highlights the critical need for greater public awareness regarding STEMI symptoms in women.
- Suggests that delays in seeking medical attention, indicated by longer first medical contact and ischemic times in women, may contribute to poorer outcomes.
Background:
Women with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have worst outcomes than men.
Objective:
The objective of the study was to determine gender differences in mortality in patients with STEMI.
Methods:
Cohort study including patients with STEMI. We recorded demographic and clinical data, laboratory tests, and in-hospital mortality in patients who underwent primary angioplasty and pharmacoinvasive strategy. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess mortality differences between both genders.
Results:
A total of 340 patients were analyzed, 296 males and 44 females. Mean age of the female group was 64.3 ± 12.3 years. About 98% of females were among Killip-Kimball Class I-II. They had higher risk scores compared to man, longer ischemic time and first medical contact with a difference in comparison to man of 47 and 60 min, respectively. Mortality was 9.1% (4) in the female group.
Conclusions:
Although the proportion of women had higher mortality than man, we did not found any difference with statistical significance probably due to the lack of representation. We need more awareness in the female population about STEMI, since longer first medical contact time and longer total ischemic time might be one possible explanation of a higher mortality.
More Related Videos
10:44Sex Stratified Neuronal Cultures to Study Ischemic Cell Death Pathways
Published on: December 9, 2013
18:11A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
Published on: December 28, 2012
Related Concept Videos
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
01:19Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
01:20Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups