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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Neurulation01:30

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Culturing and Manipulation of O9-1 Neural Crest Cells
08:32

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Genetics Underlying the Interactions between Neural Crest Cells and Eye Development.

Jochen Weigele1,2, Brenda L Bohnsack1,2

  • 1Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Journal of Developmental Biology
|November 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Neural crest cells are vital for eye development. Disruptions in their genetics and migration cause congenital eye diseases like microphthalmia and coloboma.

Keywords:
Axenfeld-Rieger SyndromePeters Anomalycolobomamicrophthalmianeural crestoptic cup

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • The neural crest is a transient stem cell population crucial for craniofacial and ocular development.
  • Neural crest cells are essential for optic cup patterning and morphogenesis.
  • Disruptions in neural crest development lead to congenital eye diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genetics of neural crest cells in ocular development.
  • To understand the pathogenesis of congenital eye diseases related to neural crest defects.
  • To highlight the role of neural crest cells in forming ocular structures and anterior segment anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on genetics of neural crest development.
  • Analysis of studies on neural crest cell interactions with the optic cup.
  • Examination of genetic defects causing ocular anomalies.

Main Results:

  • Neural crest cells are critical for optic cup morphogenesis and ocular fissure closure.
  • Defects in neural crest specification and migration cause microphthalmia and coloboma.
  • Neural crest cells contribute to cornea, iris, sclera, and anterior segment structures.
  • Later neural crest defects cause Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome and Peters Anomaly.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding neural crest genetics is key to addressing congenital eye diseases.
  • Neural crest cell interactions and development are critical for normal ocular formation.
  • Genetic disruptions in neural crest cells result in a spectrum of ocular abnormalities.