Ultra-compact low-loss variable-ratio 1×2 power splitter with ultra-low phase deviation based on asymmetric...

Area of Science:

• Photonics and Optical Engineering
• Integrated Optics
• Semiconductor Devices

Background:

• Multimode interference (MMI) couplers are fundamental components in integrated optics.
• Achieving variable splitting ratios and low phase deviation in compact MMIs remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and analyze a novel ultra-compact 1x2 optical power splitter.
• To achieve a variable splitting ratio and low phase deviation using an asymmetric ladder-shaped MMI coupler.

Main Methods:

• Numerical analysis and simulation of an asymmetric ladder-shaped MMI coupler in silicon-on-insulator (SOI).
• Optimization of input taper width and coupler geometry.
• Comparison with asymmetric rectangular MMI splitters.

Main Results:

• An ultra-compact splitter (3.3 µm × 2.4 µm) was designed.
• Achieved a wide range of splitting ratios (50:50 to 11:89).
• Demonstrated low insertion loss (< 0.67 dB) and ultra-low phase deviation (< 2.8°).

Conclusions:

• The proposed asymmetric ladder-shaped MMI coupler is a promising solution for compact optical power splitting.
• The device offers versatile performance suitable for various photonic integrated circuit applications.
• The design enables precise control over optical signal distribution with minimal signal distortion.