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Mantle upwelling beneath the Apennines identified by receiver function imaging
Claudio Chiarabba1, Irene Bianchi2,3, Pasquale De Gori2
1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy. claudio.chiarabba@ingv.it.
Scientific Reports
|November 13, 2020
Summary
Mantle upwelling beneath the Apennines mountain range fuels magmatism and extension. This deep process, involving melt accumulation, drives surface deformation in post-collisional belts.
Area of Science:
- Geophysics
- Tectonics
- Mantle Dynamics
Background:
- Magmatism, uplift, and extension are common in collisional belts.
- The connection between deep mantle dynamics and shallow crustal deformation remains poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the uppermost mantle structure beneath the Apennines.
- To understand the links between mantle processes and surface deformation in post-collisional settings.
Main Methods:
- Receiver functions analysis
- Seismic tomography
- Geophysical data interpretation
Main Results:
- Identified a shallow mantle zone with reduced shear wave velocities and increased Vp/Vs ratio beneath the Apennines.
- Interpreted these anomalies as significant mantle upwelling with melt accumulation at the crust-mantle boundary.
- Observed extensional seismicity linked to crustal bending above the upwelling zone.
Conclusions:
- Mantle upwelling and melt accumulation are key drivers of magmatism, uplift, and extension in post-collisional belts like the Apennines.
- Detachment of continental lithosphere can trigger mantle upwelling, leading to significant surface geological activity.
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