Osteocytes and Diabetes: Altered Function of Diabetic Osteocytes
Arancha R Gortázar1,2, Juan A Ardura3,4
1Bone Physiopathology laboratory, Applied Molecular Medicine Institute (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. argortazar@ceu.es.
Current Osteoporosis Reports
|November 13, 2020
Summary
Diabetes impairs bone health by affecting osteocytes, the cells within bone tissue. This review highlights how diabetes-induced changes disrupt osteocyte function and bone
Area of Science:
- Bone Biology
- Endocrinology
- Cellular Physiology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a widespread chronic condition impacting millions globally.
- Diabetic patients frequently experience bone fragility, a significant complication.
- While osteoblasts and osteoclasts are known to be affected, this review focuses on osteocyte dysfunction in diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of the diabetic state on osteocyte function.
- To explore how hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end products impair bone health via osteocytes.
- To highlight the deleterious effects of diabetes on bone through the lens of osteocyte biology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on diabetic osteocytes.
- Analysis of morphological and functional changes in osteocytes under diabetic conditions.
- Synthesis of findings on osteocyte communication and mechanosensing alterations.
Main Results:
- Diabetic conditions induce morphological changes in the osteocyte lacunar-canalicular system.
- Osteocyte mechanoreceptors, intracellular pathways, and cell-cell communication are altered.
- Secretion of key proteins like sclerostin and RANKL is affected in diabetic osteocytes.
Conclusions:
- Diabetic osteocytes exhibit impaired function, contributing to bone fragility.
- Alterations in osteocyte mechanosensing are a critical consequence of diabetes.
- Targeting osteocyte mechanical responses may offer future therapeutic avenues for diabetic bone disease.
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