Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

2.9K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
2.9K
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

971
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
971
Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

3.9K
Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
3.9K
Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

3.0K
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
3.0K
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

1.1K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.1K
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

6.2K
The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative Histological Evaluation of Collagen Matrix Architectures for Soft Tissue Augmentation in the Oral Cavity: A Preclinical Canine Model.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Perioperative Opioid Exposure and Postoperative Complications Following Facial Fracture Repair: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of 71,738 Patients.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2026
Same author

A Systematic Review Comparing Endoscopic and Open Approaches in Orbital Fracture Surgery.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2026
Same author

Body Mass Index Versus Body Composition for Risk Stratification in Craniofacial Surgery.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2026
Same author

Comparative Histologic Evaluation of Bone Healing Following Piezotome and Osteotome Techniques for Potential Applications in Rhinoplasty.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2026
Same author

Top 38 Cited Articles on Naso-Orbito-Ethmoid Fractures: A Bibliometric Analysis.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.4K

The Oculocardiac Reflex: Its Evolution and Management.

Jason J Yoo1, Kriya E Gishen, Seth R Thaller

  • 1DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami, FL.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|November 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Facial trauma can trigger the oculocardiac reflex, causing bradycardia. Younger patients with orbital floor fractures are most at risk, often experiencing nausea, vomiting, and diplopia.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses
05:26

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K
Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle
10:49

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.4K
Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses
05:26

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K
Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle
10:49

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle

Published on: June 2, 2018

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • The oculocardiac reflex (OCR) is a physiological response to orbital pressure, causing bradycardia via the trigeminal-vagus nerve pathway.
  • While common in ophthalmic surgery, OCR can also occur due to orbital trauma, potentially leading to severe cardiac events like asystole.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on the oculocardiac reflex in facial trauma patients.
  • To analyze patient demographics, symptoms, and specific fracture patterns associated with OCR in trauma cases.

Main Methods:

  • A PubMed search for "oculocardiac" from 2000-2019 identified relevant case reports and series involving facial trauma.
  • Studies were analyzed for fracture type, presence of orbital tissue entrapment, patient symptoms, and age.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-two articles on trauma patients met inclusion criteria, with a median patient age of 22 years.
  • Orbital floor fractures were most common (11 patients), followed by medial wall fractures (4 patients). Nausea/vomiting (15/23) and diplopia (10/23) were the most frequent symptoms. Entrapment occurred in 14 of 20 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Maxillofacial trauma involving the orbit poses a risk for developing the oculocardiac reflex, particularly in younger individuals.
  • Orbital floor fractures and associated entrapment are common, with nausea, vomiting, and diplopia being significant symptoms.
  • The oculocardiac reflex can be dynamic, evolving during a patient's clinical course, necessitating ongoing vigilance.