Malignant hyperthermia syndrome: A rare entity
Cristina García-Muro1, Isabel Sáenz-Moreno1, Bibiana Riaño-Méndez1
1Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Pedro, Logroño. España.
Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|November 13, 2020
Summary
Malignant hyperthermia is a rare, inherited muscle disorder triggered by anesthesia. Early detection and prompt dantrolene sodium treatment are crucial for pediatric patients experiencing this hypermetabolic crisis.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacogenetics
- Pediatric Critical Care
Background:
- Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, inherited pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle.
- Characterized by a hypermetabolic state triggered by volatile anesthetic gases or depolarizing muscle relaxants.
- Infrequent in pediatrics, with an incidence of 1 in 10,000-15,000 anesthetic procedures.
Observation:
- A case of MH occurred in a 6-year-old female following sevoflurane exposure during adenoidectomy.
- The patient exhibited tachycardia, hypercapnia, and hyperthermia.
Findings:
- Successful treatment with two doses of dantrolene sodium was administered.
- The patient showed an adequate response to dantrolene sodium therapy.
Implications:
- Malignant hyperthermia syndrome is rare in pediatric patients.
- Early detection and prompt treatment initiation are essential for favorable outcomes.
- Highlights the importance of vigilance for MH in pediatric anesthesia.
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