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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Trachea01:22

Trachea

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The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of...
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Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

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A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
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Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure

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Tracheostomy care is an essential nursing skill that involves cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy tube to prevent infection and other complications. Here's a step-by-step guide explaining each procedure with its rationale. Note that disposable gloves are to be worn at all times and changed as often as needed to maintain a sterile work environment, and to protect both patient and healthcare worker.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Seeding and Implantation of a Biosynthetic Tissue-engineered Tracheal Graft in a Mouse Model
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Successes and Failures in Tracheal Bioengineering: Lessons Learned.

Joanna F Weber1, Sadiq S Rehmani2, Mirza Zain Baig1

  • 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Nuvance Health, Rudy L. Ruggles Biomedical Research Institute, Danbury, Connecticut.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|November 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Large animal studies show that tracheal graft scaffolds prevent collapse. Smaller graft coverage improved survival, but granulation tissue remains a challenge for tracheal reconstruction.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Tracheal reconstruction faces challenges with grafts and bioengineered constructs.
  • Small animal models lack human anatomical relevance for tracheal studies.
  • Large animal models are crucial for evaluating tracheal graft designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors influencing success and failure in large animal tracheal transplants.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of a decellularized extracellular matrix graft supported by a 3D-printed scaffold.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled data from 26 large animal tracheal transplant studies.
  • Utilized decellularized extracellular matrix grafts with and without 3D-printed polymer scaffolds.
  • Examined graft performance based on circumferential coverage, stem cell inclusion, and scaffold presence.

Main Results:

  • Scaffolds prevented graft malacia and collapse.
  • Smaller graft coverage (50-75%) correlated with increased epithelialization and survival.
  • Chondrogenesis was observed only in grafts with embedded stem cells.
  • Granulation tissue formation was a consistent issue across all designs.

Conclusions:

  • Large animal models effectively simulate human anatomical complexities for tracheal reconstruction.
  • Granulation tissue development, particularly in circumferential grafts, requires further investigation and management strategies.
  • Optimizing graft design and addressing granulation tissue are key for successful tracheal regeneration.