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Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Loading01:16

Eccentric Loading

706
Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under...
706
General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

365
Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical...
365
Design of Columns under an Eccentric Load01:21

Design of Columns under an Eccentric Load

960
Designing columns to withstand eccentric loads is a critical aspect of structural engineering, ensuring structures can support off-center loads without failure. This design process must account for the additional normal stresses introduced by eccentric loading, which can significantly influence a column's stress distribution and overall stability. An eccentric load applied to a column induces normal stresses that can be conceptualized as a combination of stresses due to an equivalent...
960
Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

413
Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
413
Impact Loading01:19

Impact Loading

505
Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...
505
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

431
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
431

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Related Experiment Video

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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
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Effectiveness of Accentuated Eccentric Loading: Contingent on Concentric Load.

Justin J Merrigan, James J Tufano, Michael Falzone

    International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
    |November 13, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    A single accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) repetition enhanced subsequent back-squat velocity and power at lower concentric loads (65% 1-RM). This effect was load-dependent, showing AEL is sensitive to the relative difference between eccentric and concentric loads.

    Keywords:
    kinematicskineticspowervelocityweight releasers

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Sports Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the acute effects of specific training stimuli is crucial for optimizing performance.
    • Accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) involves a supramaximal eccentric phase, potentially enhancing subsequent concentric movements.
    • The influence of varying concentric loads on AEL's acute effects requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the acute effects of a single accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) repetition on subsequent back-squat kinetics and kinematics.
    • To investigate how different concentric loads interact with AEL to influence performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-one resistance-trained men completed four counterbalanced protocols: AEL65, AEL80, TRA65, and TRA80.
    • Protocols involved sets and repetitions at specific percentages of 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) for eccentric/concentric phases.
    • Weight releasers were used during AEL, and all repetitions were recorded using force plates and linear position transducers.

    Main Results:

    • AEL65 showed significantly greater eccentric peak velocity, concentric peak force, and eccentric mean/peak power compared to TRA65.
    • AEL65 led to slower initial eccentric velocity but faster subsequent eccentric and concentric velocity and power.
    • AEL80 demonstrated enhanced concentric peak force, eccentric mean power, and eccentric peak power compared to TRA80.

    Conclusions:

    • A single AEL repetition (120% 1-RM) improved subsequent velocity and power at a 65% 1-RM concentric load, but not at 80% 1-RM.
    • AEL's effectiveness is sensitive to the magnitude of the concentric load, requiring a substantial relative difference.
    • Weight releasers may not need to be re-engaged between repetitions to achieve performance enhancements.