A real-world cohort analysis of alemtuzumab outcomes in relapsing multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive neurological disease characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammatory demyelination of the brain and spinal cord. Alemtuzumab has been previously shown in large phase III trials to be an effective therapy in reducing MS clinical flares as well as new radiological activity and atrophy rates. The purpose of this study was to examine real-world effectiveness and safety data from a large cohort of people treated with alemtuzumab at an academic medical center, including those who failed B-cell depletion therapy. Over an average of 2.6 years follow-up, there were small but significant improvements in neurological disability scores, and a 61% rate of the composite "No Evidence of Disease Activity" (NEDA-3) outcome at 2-year follow-up. There were no substantial safety issues encountered in our review; rates of adverse events were similar or below those reported in Phase III trials. We compare and contrast our results to other available real-world data using alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis.