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Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
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Ethics codes and medical decision making.

Jan Borysowski1, Hans-Jörg Ehni2, Andrzej Górski3

  • 1Centre for Studies on Research Integrity, Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nowy Świat 72, 05-077, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.

Patient Education and Counseling
|November 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Medical ethics codes primarily promote informed decision making (IDM), with limited emphasis on shared decision making (SDM). National codes require updates to better reflect the importance of SDM in modern medical practice.

Keywords:
Code of medical ethicsEthics codeInformed decision makingPaternalismShared decision making

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Health Law
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Medical decision-making models influence patient autonomy and physician-patient relationships.
  • Ethics codes provide essential guidance for healthcare professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze medical decision-making models within professional ethics codes.
  • To determine if codes promote informed decision making (IDM), shared decision making (SDM), or paternalism.

Main Methods:

  • Manual search of international and national medical ethics codes.
  • Analysis focused on the World Medical Association International Code of Medical Ethics (ICME) and national codes from 10 countries.

Main Results:

  • The ICME does not promote a specific decision-making model.
  • 10 of 11 national codes address IDM, while only 4 mention SDM.
  • Some codes contain imprecise guidance on medical decision making.

Conclusions:

  • National ethics codes require updates to adequately address medical decision making.
  • Codes should be amended to include stronger guidance on shared decision making (SDM) due to its significance in medicine.