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Unraveling the multifaceted nature of the nuclear function of mTOR

Alek S Torres1, Marina K Holz2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research
|November 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase regulates cellular functions. Emerging research reveals nuclear mTOR (nmTOR) plays key roles in cellular programs, influencing cell-environment interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cellular processes, responding to environmental cues like nutrients, growth factors, and stress.
  • Traditionally studied in the cytosol, the role of mTOR within the nucleus is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current research on the function of nuclear mTOR (nmTOR).
  • To explore how nmTOR participates in specific cellular programs and interacts with other signaling pathways.
  • To propose novel hypotheses and future research directions for understanding nmTOR's emerging roles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating nuclear mTOR.
  • Analysis of experimental data linking nmTOR to cellular functions.
  • Discussion of proposed molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Evidence highlights nmTOR's involvement in diverse cellular programs beyond cytoplasmic functions.
  • Nuclear mTOR signaling influences and is influenced by other cellular pathways.
  • Specific mechanisms of nmTOR action in the nucleus are being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • The nucleus is a significant site for mTOR activity, impacting fundamental cellular processes.
  • Further research into nmTOR is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of cell regulation and response.
  • This review provides a framework for future investigations into nmTOR's multifaceted roles.
Keywords:
KinaseNuclear receptorNucleusRapamycinSignalingmTOR

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