Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
Published on: January 31, 2025
The PROCESS 2020 Guideline: Updating Consensus Preferred Reporting Of CasESeries in Surgery (PROCESS) Guidelines
Riaz A Agha1, Catrin Sohrabi2, Ginimol Mathew3
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction:
The PROCESS Guidelines were first published in 2016 and were last updated in 2018. They provide a structure for reporting surgical case series in order to increase reporting robustness and transparency, and are used and endorsed by authors, journal editors and reviewers alike. In order to drive forwards reporting quality, they must be kept up to date. As such, we have updated these guidelines via a DELPHI consensus exercise.
Methods:
The updated guidelines were produced via a DELPHI consensus exercise. Members from the previous DELPHI group were again invited, alongside editorial board members and peer reviewers of the International Journal of Surgery and the International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. An online survey was completed by this expert group to indicate their agreement with proposed changes to the checklist items.
Results:
A total of 53 surgical experts agreed to participate and 49 (92%) completed the survey. The responses and suggested modifications were incorporated into the previous 2018 guidelines. There was a high degree of agreement amongst the PROCESS Group, with all but one of the PROCESS items receiving over 70% of scores ranging 7-9.
Conclusion:
A DELPHI consensus exercise was completed and an updated and improved PROCESS Checklist is now presented.
Related Concept Videos
Standards of Care II
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Standards of Care I
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care
Surgical Interventions for Peptic Ulcer Disease

