The Open Studio Approach to Art Therapy: A Systematic Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Art Therapy
• Psychology
• Social Sciences

Background:

• The open studio approach in art therapy originated in psychiatric hospitals in the 1940s.
• Art therapy's professionalization led to adopting theories from other disciplines.
• Contemporary art therapy increasingly emphasizes studio practice and social action.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically map global literature and research on the open studio approach in art therapy.
• To identify key publications, themes, and variations of the open studio model.
• To pinpoint knowledge gaps for future research directions.

Main Methods:

• A systematic scoping review of international literature and unpublished research.
• Searches included databases and hand searches in art therapy journals.
• Data charting utilized a researcher-developed tool based on review questions.

Main Results:

• Most literature on the open studio approach dates from the 1990s onwards, with significant growth in the last decade.
• The review identified core principles, variations, and context-specific characteristics of the open studio model.
• Open studio practice is implemented across diverse settings and populations.

Conclusions:

• The open studio approach is a growing and evolving model within art therapy.
• Its expansion reflects a historic development in the field, moving towards art-centered and socially engaged practices.
• Further research is needed to address identified knowledge gaps in various contexts and populations.