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Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems
Published on: April 18, 2019
Usefulness of Video Head Impulse Test Results in the Identification of Meniere's Disease
Brahim Kaci1,2, Mujda Nooristani1,2, Tamara Mijovic3
1Vestibulab, School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Abstract:
Meniere's disease (MD) is an inner ear disorder inducing tinnitus, aural fullness, sensorineural hearing loss, and vertigo episodes. In the past few years, efforts have been made to develop objective measures able to distinguish MD from other pathologies. Indeed, some authors investigated electrophysiological measures, such as electrocochleography and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials or imaging techniques. More recently, the video head impulse test (vHIT) was developed to assess the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). In the last few years, authors aimed at identifying how vHIT may help to identify MD. The objective of this manuscript is to review the different vHIT results in MD patients. We will discuss the usefulness of these findings in the identification of MD, how these results may be explained by pathophysiological mechanisms associated with MD, and finally provide directions for future studies.
Insights
Meniere
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Neuroscience
- Audiology
Background:
- Meniere's disease (MD) presents with debilitating symptoms like vertigo and hearing loss.
- Objective diagnostic tools are needed to differentiate MD from other inner ear disorders.
- The video head impulse test (vHIT) assesses the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current findings on vHIT in Meniere's disease patients.
- To evaluate the utility of vHIT in diagnosing MD.
- To explore pathophysiological explanations for vHIT results in MD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating vHIT in MD.
- Analysis of vHIT parameters and their correlation with MD symptoms.
- Discussion of vHIT's role in differential diagnosis.
Main Results:
- vHIT reveals characteristic abnormalities in Meniere's disease patients.
- Specific vHIT findings may aid in distinguishing MD from other vestibular disorders.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms of MD can explain observed vHIT alterations.
Conclusions:
- vHIT shows promise as an objective tool for Meniere's disease diagnosis.
- Further research is needed to refine vHIT protocols and interpretation for MD.
- vHIT contributes to understanding the vestibular dysfunction in Meniere's disease.
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