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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
393
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

430
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
430
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

109
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
109
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

17.4K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
17.4K
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

2.3K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
2.3K
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

694
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
694

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
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Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

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Irisin: linking metabolism with heart failure.

Jiamin Li1, Susu Xie2, Lei Guo1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

American Journal of Translational Research
|November 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Irisin, a myokine, plays a role in heart metabolism. This review explores irisin

Keywords:
Irisinfibronectin type III domain containing protein 5heart failuremetabolismreactive oxygen species

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Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Related Experiment Videos

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Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology and Exercise Science

Background:

  • The heart requires substantial energy, with performance linked to metabolic activity.
  • Heart failure impairs cardiac energy metabolism, leading to reduced exercise capacity and cachexia.
  • Irisin, a myokine from skeletal muscle, influences metabolic diseases; its cardiac role is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological functions of irisin in the heart.
  • To examine irisin level changes in heart failure.
  • To explore irisin's mechanisms in cardiac metabolic remodeling and hypertrophy.
  • To discuss irisin as a potential therapeutic target for heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on irisin.
  • Analysis of studies investigating irisin's role in cardiac physiology and pathology.
  • Examination of data on irisin levels in heart failure patients and models.

Main Results:

  • Irisin is synthesized and secreted by the heart, in addition to skeletal muscle.
  • Alterations in irisin levels are observed in heart failure.
  • Irisin influences cardiac metabolic pathways and hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Irisin has significant physiological roles in the heart.
  • Dysregulation of irisin is implicated in heart failure pathophysiology.
  • Irisin presents a promising novel therapeutic target for managing heart failure.