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Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Beyond the Single Molecule.

Marc K Etherington1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|November 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters offer 100% efficiency for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Understanding molecular interactions is key to preventing photoluminescence shifts and enabling practical applications.

Keywords:
aggregationorganic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)photophysicssolid state solvation effectthermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters are crucial for achieving 100% internal quantum efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
  • Molecular interactions and aggregation significantly impact the photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of TADF emitters.
  • These interactions can cause red shifts, limiting the practical application of TADF technology in displays and lighting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize existing literature on molecular interactions in TADF emitters.
  • To outline a comprehensive framework for studying solid-state solvation and aggregate effects in organic emitters.
  • To provide insights into overcoming challenges for the commercialization of TADF technology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on TADF emitters.
  • Analysis of solid-state solvation effects on emitter properties.
  • Investigation of aggregate formation and its impact on optical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Molecular interactions, including aggregation and solid-state solvation, cause detrimental red shifts in TADF emission spectra.
  • Current state-of-the-art techniques are essential for characterizing these intermolecular effects.
  • A structured approach is needed to fully understand and mitigate these interactions.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of molecular interactions is critical for realizing the full potential of TADF emitters.
  • The proposed framework aids in the complete study of TADF emitters, addressing limitations caused by intermolecular effects.
  • Mitigating red shifts from molecular interactions will enhance the commercial viability of TADF-based OLEDs.